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Fig. 1. The orchard used for the study. The location of the Bird Gard is noted in the west fi eld.

by Michael W. Smith and Carole A. Smith Studies

Mitigating pecan depredation losses

Pecan nut loss caused by wildlife depredation results in major economic losses. In small orchards depredation may result in total crop loss. Several avian species feed on pecan nuts; the more problematic species include the American crow and blue jay (Aldous, 1944; Bannon, 1921; Hall, 1979; Leppla, 1980; Martin et al., 1951; Murray, 1975; Wilson,...